To conclude, African remedies against genocide, violence and the conflict between state and the civil society should include:
• Defining national identity to be equitably accommodating to all the contending groups
• Developing principles of constitutionalism or constitutive management of power that creatively and flexibly balance the dynamics of diversity in unity to promote national consensus and collective purpose
• Designing a system of distribution or allocation of economic opportunities and resources that is particularly sensitive to the needs of minorities and disadvantaged groups and induces these groups to see unity as a source of security and not a deprivation
• Through all these measures, to challenge every group to recognize that it has a distinctive contribution to make the process of nation building by utilising its own cultural values, institutional structures, and a self propelling sense of purpose within a national framework of diversified unity and equitable pluralism. Where conditions make such a uniting sense of national identity impractical or too costly, the residual alternative, which should be internationally sanctioned, would be to allow the right of self-determination, including the option of partition (Deng, Francis M. 1980. Dinka Cosmology) on 213
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